The WEIRDest People in the World?

• p. 8 Section 3.4

  (Haun et al. 2006a; 2006b)

• p. 67 References

  Haun, D. B. M., Call, J., Janzen, G. & Levinson, S. C. (2006)

• p. 67 Reference list

  Haun, D. B. M., Call, J., Janzen, G. & Levinson, S. C. (2006) Evolutionary psy-

• p. 56 Response R2.2

  Haun et al. 2006

Judge's note: The reference list has Haun, Call, Janzen & Levinson (2006), Current Biology, and Haun, Rapold, Call, Janzen & Levinson (2006), PNAS, both without a/b suffixes. So the suffixed citations in the text cannot be matched with certainty to an entry.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 10 Figure 4 row labels

  Russia (Minsk)

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: Minsk is the capital of Belarus. The label 'Russia (Minsk)' appears in the Figure 4 image on p.10. On p.11 the article itself lists Belarus as a separate nation ('Turkey, Japan, and Belarus'). The figure is adapted from Herrmann et al. (2008); the authors should check the country label against that source.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 56 Response R2.2

  Norenzayan et al. 2002)

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: The crop of p.56 shows "(Choi & Nisbett 1998; Norenzayan et al. 2002)". The text layer has a second bare citation, "Norenzayan et al. 2002; Segall et al. 1966" (line 7654). The reference list (lines 10356, 10369) has 2002a (Norenzayan, Choi & Nisbett) and 2002b (Norenzayan, Smith, Kim & Nisbett). The response tag [arJH] narrows it to 2002b, but the in-text citation does not say which paper is meant.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 29 Chiao & Cheon commentary

  95% of psychological samples come from countries with only 12% of the world’s population (Arnett 2008)

• p. 3 Section 2.1

  96% of psychological samples come from countries with only 12% of the world’s population

• p. 3 Sect. 2.1

  This means that 96%

• p. 29 Chiao & Cheon

  95% of psychological samples come from countries

Judge's note: Crops for p. 3 and p. 29 viewed: both percentages are as quoted. Both sentences cite the same source and give the same 12% population figure, but the sample share differs (95 vs 96). The title of the Arnett reference contains 'neglected 95%', which may explain the commentators' figure. The difference is a one-point inconsistency inside a commentary, not an error in the target article's data.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 61 Response R6

  display the means for each of 15 small-scale societies on three different behavioral measures

• p. 6 Figure 3

  for 15 societies (Phase II)

• p. 6 Figure 3A x-axis and caption

  Behavioral measures of fairness and punishment from the Dictator and Ultimatum Games for 15 societies (Phase II).

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: Counted the axis labels on the full p.6 image. Panel A has 16 (Hadza, Tsimane, Nganasan, Gusii, Maragoli, Yasawa, Shuar, Isanga, Samburu, Au, Sursurunga, Accra, Orma, Dolgan, Sanquianga, U.S.). Panels B and C have 15 each, with no Orma. The target text (p.6) treats the U.S. adult sample as the industrialized comparison, so 'small-scale' does not fit it. The text does not explain why Orma is missing from B and C.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 15 Section 5.1

  the Americans anchor the extreme end of the West’s distribution. Perhaps it is this extreme tendency for Americans to punish free-riders

• p. 10 Figure 4

  Punishment of free riding (negative deviations)

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: Figure 4 on p. 10: the U.S. negative-deviation bars reach about 3.7, while Australia's pass 5 and Denmark's and Turkey's reach about 4. The U.S. is extreme only in having near-zero antisocial punishment. Sect. 4.6 item 3 (p. 14) says free-rider punishment did not differ once controls were included. The 'extreme tendency ... to punish free-riders' may refer to the combination of punishing free-riders and not punishing cooperators, but as worded it overstates what the figure shows.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 14 Section 4.6 item 1

  provide evidence of robust differences in age preferences of mates across populations

Judge's note: Checked p. 14. The section heading (4.6) concerns similarities. The sentence probably means sex differences in age preferences that hold across populations, but the wording is ambiguous.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 49

  the 1895 Cambridge University Torres Straits expedition

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition to the Torres Straits led by Haddon took place in 1898. The p.49 crop does print '1895'. Nothing in the files gives the date independently.

Second check: another model agreed

• p. 1 Abstract

  these empirical patterns suggests

• p. 1 Abstract

  these empirical patterns suggests that we need to be less cavalier

Judge's note: Seen in the page-1 abstract crop exactly as quoted. It is a subject–verb agreement error.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 31 Fernald commentary

  WEIRD (Western, Educated, Rich, Industrialized, and Democratic)

• p. 31 Fernald

  WEIRD (Western, Educated, Rich, Industrialized,

• p. 49 Shweder

  Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic

• p. 1 Abstract

  Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic

Judge's note: Crops viewed. Fernald swaps 'Rich' and 'Industrialized'. Shweder's 'Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, and Democratic' (p. 49) keeps the letter order and only changes one word form, so it is not a defect. Only the Fernald ordering is confirmed.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 5 Sect. 3.2

  (Henrich et al. 2005; 2006; 2010)

• p. 67 Reference list

  Tracer, D. (2005a) “Economic man” in cross-cultural perspective

Judge's note: The reference list has 2005a ("Economic man", BBS target article, tagged aJH) and 2005b (Authors' Response, tagged rJH only). The Response cites them as 2005a. Because only 2005a carries the 'a' (target article) tag, the bare '2005' can be resolved, so this is cosmetic.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 5 Sect. 3.2

  (which we call Phase 1 and Phase 2)

• p. 5 Sect. 3.2, next paragraph

  Games in Phase II

• p. 5 3.2

  Ultimatum and Dictator Games in Phase II

Judge's note: Page 5 shows Arabic numerals in the definition and Roman numerals in the next paragraph and in the Figure 3 caption. The meaning is clear, so this is a cosmetic inconsistency.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 6 Figure 3(c) y-axis label

  Incoming Maximizing Offer (IMO)

• p. 6 Figure 3 caption

  income-maximizing offer (IMO)

• p. 5 Sect. 3.2

  income-maximizing offers (IMO)

• p. 5 Section 3.2, text on Fig 3C

  five times higher than 70% of the other societies

Judge's note: The word 'Incoming' can be seen on the axis in the page-6 image, and the caption and sect. 3.2 both say 'income-maximizing offer'. The quantity is clear, so this is a typo in the label rather than a wrong quantity. The 70% sub-point (note 5) is not a defect: 9/13 = 69% rounds to 70% (see C005).

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 49 Shweder commentary

  “As children already show large population-level differences

• p. 5 Section 3.1 para 5

  Since children already show large population-level differences

Judge's note: Compared the p.49 crop with the p.5 crop. The first word of the quotation differs from the source; the rest matches and the meaning is unchanged.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 8 Section 3.4

  Hai//om-speaking adults

• p. 20 Section 7.1.4

  Hai\\om speakers

• p. 8 Sect. 3.4

  Hai//om-speaking

Judge's note: Both forms can be seen in the page images: forward slashes on p.8 and backslashes on p.20. This is an inconsistent spelling of the same name.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 9 3.6 item 7

  rural Ukranians (Kanovsky 2007)

Judge's note: Seen in the p.9 crop as printed.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 14 Section 4.6 item 3

  While in Hermann et al.’s (2008) study (Fig. 4)

• p. 14 Sect. 4.6 item 3

  While in Hermann et al.’s (2008) study

• p. 14 4.6 item 3

  While in Hermann et al.’s

• p. 14 4.6 item 3

  Hermann et al.’s

Judge's note: Crop on p. 14 shows 'Hermann'. On p. 10 and in the reference list (Herrmann, B. ... 2008) the name is 'Herrmann'. The Boesch commentary on p. 26 has the same misspelling for the 2007 work ('Hermann et al. 2007'), but the reference entry is Herrmann, E. et al. (2007), and the text spells it 'Herrmann et al. 2007' elsewhere (line 3554).

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 11 Section 4.2.3

  the Middle East, South America, Africa, South America,

• p. 11 4.2.3 Motivations to conform

  Oceania, the Middle East, South America, Africa, South America, East Asia, Europe, and the United States

• p. 11 4.2.3

  Oceania, the Middle East, South America, Africa, South America,

• p. 11 Sect. 4.2.3

  South America, Africa, South America,

Judge's note: Seen in the p.11 crop: 'South America' is printed twice. It is a duplicate, or a slip for another region; only the authors can say which.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 12 Section 4.3 item 3

  Grossmann and Varnum (2010) provides parallel findings with Russians

• p. 12 4.3 item 3

  Grossmann and Varnum (2010) provides parallel

Judge's note: Seen in the crop on p. 12. The subject has two authors but the verb is singular. Treating the cited work as singular is a loose but common usage, so this is cosmetic only.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 14 Section 4.6 item 2

  also see Allik & Mccrae 2004

Judge's note: The image shows 'Mccrae', so this is not an extraction artefact. The reference entry spells it McCrae.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 14 Section 5.1

  as far back as de Toqueville (1835)

• p. 15 Section 5.1

  as de Tocqueville noted

• p. 14 Sect. 5.1

  de Toqueville (1835)

• p. 14 5.1 Individualism

  dates at least as far back as de Toqueville (1835)

Judge's note: The images show 'Toqueville' on p. 14 and 'de Tocqueville noted' on p. 15. The reference entry is 'de Tocqueville, A. (1835)'.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 15 Sect. 5.1, para 4

  than did people from other Euro- pean countries (Britain and Germany)

Judge's note: Seen on p. 15. The previous sentence's 'Americans (and Britons) ... other European countries' is fine because Britons are European. In this sentence the comparison is Americans only, so 'other' is a wording slip.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 45 Panchanathan et al. commentary

  underlying evolutionary and development processes” (sect. 7.2, para. 2)

• p. 21 Section 7.2 para 2

  underlying evolutionary and developmental processes

Judge's note: Compared the p.45 crop with p.21, sect. 7.2 para. 2, which reads 'developmen-tal processes'. The quotation is not verbatim, though the meaning is unchanged. I did not find the claimed repetition of the misquote in the Response.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 25 Baumard & Sperber commentary

  unless one pays attention to them, it unclear what the experimental evidence is really about

• p. 25 Baumard & Sperber commentary, first paragraph

  it unclear what the experimental evidence is really about

Judge's note: The image of p. 25 shows 'it unclear'.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 26 Boesch commentary

  Hermann et al. 2007

• p. 27 Boesch commentary

  (Herrmann et al. 2007; Povinelli 2000

Judge's note: From the crops: p. 26 reads 'e.g., Hermann et al. 2007; Povinelli 2000' and p. 27 reads 'Herrmann et al. 2007; Povinelli 2000; Tomasello et al. 2005'. A grep of the reference list finds only the 'Herrmann, E.' spelling. This is a misspelling in a citation.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 28 Ceci et al. commentary

  Heinrich et al. rightly question

• p. 28 Ceci et al.

  Heinrich

• p. 40 Leavens et al.

  Heinrich et al.

• p. 48 Rochat

  Heinrich et al.

Judge's note: I viewed the crops for pp. 28, 40 and 48 and found 'Heinrich' printed on each page. The running head on the same pages reads 'Henrich et al.'.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 34 Gaertner et al. commentary

  possession of a positive-self view

Judge's note: Crop viewed. The hyphen is misplaced; 'positive self-view' is the form used a few paragraphs later on the same page.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 34 Gaertner et al. commentary

  less depression,)

Judge's note: Seen in crop C037-a: the comma is printed before the closing parenthesis. This is a punctuation slip.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 39 Lancy commentary

  close colleague of Lev Vygostsky

• p. 39

  close colleague of Lev Vygostsky, traveled to Central Asia

Judge's note: Crop viewed: the page prints 'Vygostsky', and this is the only occurrence. Misspelling of a proper name.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 42 Machery commentary

  Henrich et al.’ article

Judge's note: Crop viewed. The possessive is malformed. The authors' response quotes Machery with 'Henrich et al.’s', which shows the paper's usual form.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 44 Maryanski commentary

  has a long history It originated in the 19th century

Judge's note: The p.44 crop shows no period after 'history' before the capitalised 'It'.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 44 Maryanski commentary

  Humans are evolved apes This fact has important implications

Judge's note: The p.44 crop shows no period after 'apes'. The bold run-in heading 'How naturally social are humans?' comes before it, so the gap is between two sentences of body text.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 45 Panchanathan et al. affiliations

  University of California–Los Angles, CA 90095-1553

• p. 45

  University of California–Los Angles, CA 90095-1553; bFoundation for

Judge's note: The p.45 crop shows 'Los Angles' in both affiliation lines (a and b).

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 48 Rochat commentary

  somehow eluded in Heinrich et al.

Judge's note: Seen in the crop. The text layer of p.48 has 'Heinrich' twice (lines 6414 and 6449), not three times as the reviewer said. The page also has 'Henrich' spelled correctly elsewhere.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 50 Stich commentary

  Abarbanell and Houser (in press)

• p. 63 References

  Abarbanell, L. & Hauser, M. (in press) Mayan morality

Judge's note: The p.50 crop shows 'Houser'; the reference list on p.63 shows 'Hauser'.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 52 Response R1.2.1

  Researcher’s intuitions about the ways people in their own cultures think

Judge's note: The p.52 crop shows 'Researcher’s', but the sentence goes on with 'their own cultures', which needs the plural.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 53 Response R1.2.2

  Kahneman and Tverky’s work

• p. 53

  We pointed both to Kahneman and Tverky’s work on

Judge's note: The p.53 crop shows 'Tverky’s'.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 54

  Ethnographic work must be based on systemic, quantitative, and replicable research

Judge's note: The p.54 crop shows 'systemic'. The same paragraph uses 'systematic observation' shortly afterwards, which suggests a word slip, though 'systemic' is a real word.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 55 Response R2.1

  Economic Experiments and Ethnographic Evidence and in Fifteen Small-Scale Societies

• p. 55 Response R2.1, right column

  Ethnographic Evidence and in Fifteen Small-Scale Societies

Judge's note: Earlier on the same page (left column) and in the reference list, the title is given as '...Ethnographic Evidence from Fifteen Small-Scale Societies'. In the right-column crop, 'and in' sits inside the italic title.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 59 Response R4

  Commenators Kesebir, Oishi, & Spellman

• p. 59 Response R4, para 3

  Commenators

Judge's note: The p.59 crop clearly shows "Commenators".

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 64 References, Burke et al. 2010

  Personality and Social Psychological Review 14:155–95

Judge's note: Checked the crop of p.64. Heine & Hamamura 2007, Morling & Lamoreaux 2008 and others in the same list read "Personality and Social Psychology Review".

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 66 Reference list, Fehr & Gächter (1998)

  Reciprocity and economic: The economic implications

Judge's note: The p.66 crop shows "Reciprocity and economic:" exactly as quoted.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 66 References, Fehr et al. 2002

  Schmoller Fahrbuch

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: the journal is titled Schmollers Jahrbuch. The p.66 crop shows "Schmoller Fahrbuch 122:519–42" as printed.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 66

  Molecular Phylogetics and Evolution 18:2–13.

Judge's note: The p.66 crop shows "Molecular Phylogetics and Evolution 18:2–13."

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 67 References, Henrich & Ensminger (n.d.)

  University of Bristish Columbia

• p. 67

  University of Bristish Columbia.

Judge's note: The text layer (line 9586) reads "versity of Bristish Columbia." The full p.67 image is too low-resolution to resolve the letters, but it agrees with the text layer and the entry is in the place cited. The two reviewer notes describe the same defect.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 69 References

  Krizan, X. & Suls, J. (2008)

• p. 74 References

  Windschitl, P. D., Conybeare, D. & Krizan, Z. (2008)

• p. 69

  Krizan, X. & Suls, J. (2008) Losing sight

Judge's note: The crop of p.69 shows "Krizan, X." and the crop of p.74 shows "Krizan, Z." This is an inconsistency within the reference list.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 72

  neuroscience: Additive or synergestic. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience.

Judge's note: The text layer (line 10520) reads "synergestic". The full p.72 image shows the entry in that position, though it is low-resolution.

Second check: none (judge only)

• p. 74 References

  (October 2009). Retrieved January 17, 2009

Only the authors can say what is right here.

Judge's note: I checked the crop of PDF p.74. The entry is dated 2009 with '(October 2009)', and its URL contains 'weo/2009/02' (the second 2009 WEO, i.e. October). Yet it gives 'Retrieved January 17, 2009'. A document cannot be retrieved before it is published, so the retrieval year is evidently a typo, probably for 2010 (the paper appeared in 2010). Only the authors can confirm the date, and the error is cosmetic.

Second check: none (judge only)