Sub-Diffraction-Limit Imaging by Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM)
Nature Methods, 2006 · paper · Instrumentation
Introduces STORM, a fluorescence microscopy method that switches fluorophores on and off and locates sparse subsets with nanometer accuracy, then combines them into one image. It demonstrates 20 nm resolution.
1 finding
Reference or label Fig. 1a caption: "switched between a fluorescent and a dark state by a red and green laser, respectively" pairs red with the fluorescent state and green with the dark state; the same caption and the text say the reverse ("switched to the dark state by a strong red laser pulse", "a green laser pulse is used to switch on", "Exposure to green laser light converts Cy5 back to the fluorescent state").
- p. 5 Figure 1 caption, (a), first sentence
switched between a fluorescent and a dark state by a red and green laser, respectively
- p. 5 Figure 1 caption, (a), following sentences
All fluorophores are first switched to the dark state by a strong red laser pulse
- p. 2 Main text, paragraph 3
Exposure to green laser light converts Cy5 back to the fluorescent state
- p. 5 Figure 1 caption, part (a), following sentences
All fluorophores are first switched to the dark state by a strong red laser pulse. In each imaging cycle, a green laser pulse is used to switch on only a fraction of the fluorophores
Judge's note: Read the Fig. 1 caption and diagram on page 5 and paragraph 3 on page 2. In the diagram the large red arrow leads from the all-fluorescent object to the all-dark one and green arrows lead to objects with an active fluorophore; the Fig. 1b caption says red switches Cy5 to the dark state and green returns it to the fluorescent state. With "respectively" the order in the first sentence is reversed; it should read "a green and red laser, respectively" (or the states swapped). A label error; the rest of the caption makes the intended meaning clear.
Second check: another model agreed
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7 minor (typos and the like; most checked by the judge only)
Wording "The STORM images indeed reveal four clusters of switch positions following a bent contour" has no figure callout; Fig. 3c ("STORM images of four switches attached to a double-stranded DNA") is never cited by panel in the text, while 3a, 3b and 3d are.
- p. 3 Main text, first paragraph
The STORM images indeed reveal four clusters of switch
- p. 7 Figure 3 caption, (c)
(c) STORM images of four switches attached to a
- p. 3 First paragraph, four-switch sentences
The STORM images indeed reveal four clusters of switch positions following a bent contour
- p. 7 Figure 3 caption, part (c)
(c) STORM images of four switches attached to a double-stranded DNA
Judge's note: Searched the text of pages 1-3: callouts are Fig. 3a (twice), Figs. 3b, Fig. 3d and a general "(Fig. 3)" in the summary. Panel c, which shows the four-switch result on page 7, has no callout of its own. An omission, not a wrong pointer; the general Fig. 3 citation still lets the reader find it.
Second check: another model agreed
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Typo Inconsistent hyphenation: "photo-switchable fluorophores" (abstract, summary, Fig. 1 caption) against "photoswitchable cyanine dye" (page 2); "sub-diffraction-limit resolution" (title, page 3 paragraph 1, Fig. 3 caption) against "sub-diffraction limit resolution" (page 3 summary) and "sub-diffraction limit spatial resolution" (page 1).
- p. 3 Summary paragraph
with sub-diffraction limit resolution
- p. 2 Paragraph 2
a photoswitchable cyanine dye
- p. 1 Abstract
localization of photo-switchable fluorophores
- p. 2 Introduction, last sentence of para 3
photoswitchable cyanine dye
Judge's note: Checked on the page images for pages 1, 2 and 3; all instances sit mid-line, so none is a line-break hyphen. Cosmetic inconsistency only.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo "(Figs. 3b)": plural "Figs." with a single panel; should read "(Fig. 3b)".
- p. 3 Main text, first paragraph
(Figs. 3b)
Judge's note: Page 3 image shows "(Figs. 3b)" as printed. The histogram of inter-switch distances is panel b alone (page 7).
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo "(See Supplementary Methods online)": capital "See" inside a mid-sentence parenthesis; the other pointers read "(see Supplementary Methods online)".
- p. 3 summary paragraph
(See Supplementary Methods online)
Judge's note: Page 3 image: the summary paragraph prints "(See Supplementary Methods online)" while the four other such parentheticals on pages 2-3 use lower-case "see". Trivial capitalisation inconsistency.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo "This work is supported by in part by the National Institute of Health": the word "by" is duplicated; should read "supported in part by".
- p. 4 Acknowledgments, line 1
This work is supported by in part by the National Institute of Health
Judge's note: Page 4 image shows the wording exactly as quoted in the Acknowledgments.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo "the Defense Advance Research Projects Agency": "Advance" for "Advanced".
- p. 4 Acknowledgments, line 1
the Defense Advance Research Projects
- p. 4 Acknowledgments
Defense Advance Research Projects
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: the agency's name is the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The page 4 image prints "Defense Advance Research Projects Agency" as quoted; the correct name is not stated anywhere in the files.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo "the National Institute of Health": singular "Institute" for "National Institutes of Health".
- p. 4 Acknowledgments, line 1
the National Institute of Health
- p. 4 Acknowledgments
National Institute of Health
Judge's note: Page 4 image prints the singular form. The plural name appears in the NIH logo on page 1 of the same manuscript ("National Institutes of Health"), so the correct form is supported within the file.
Second check: none (judge only)