Detection of Planetary Transits Across a Sun-Like Star
The Astrophysical Journal, 2000 · paper · Astronomy
Reports photometric detection of two transits of the planet orbiting the Sun-like star HD 209458, timed as the radial-velocity data predicted. The data indicate a gas giant of about 1.27 Jupiter radii with orbital inclination 87.1 degrees.
Checked: PDF from arxiv.org, fetched 4 Oct 2026. Page numbers are those of that PDF.
0 findings
None that passed a second check.
13 minor (typos and the like; most checked by the judge only)
Typo Missing article in the Introduction: "is motivated by fact that, for a star" should read "is motivated by the fact that".
- p. 1 Introduction, first paragraph
is motivated by fact that, for a
- p. 1 Section 1, Introduction, sentence beginning "The search to measure the transit photometrically"
is motivated by fact that
Judge's note: Read on the page 1 image; the wording is as quoted, so it is not an extraction artefact.
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Typo The astronomical unit is abbreviated two ways: "a = 0.05 A.U." (p. 1) and "a = 0.0467 A.U.." (p. 3), against "0.1 AU" (p. 1), "planet at 0.2 AU" and "0.1 AU" (p. 5).
- p. 3 Section 3.1, second paragraph
a = 0.0467 A.U..
- p. 1 Introduction
a = 0.05 A.U.
- p. 5 Discussion
planet at 0.2 AU
Judge's note: Both forms are visible on the page images; page 1 has "0.1 AU" and "0.05 A.U." in the same paragraph. The doubled full stop on page 3 that this cluster also mentions is real and is recorded under C003.
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Typo The star's designation is written both with and without a space: "limb darkening of HD209458", "parameters of HD209458" (p. 2), "Other objects in the HD209458 system" and "light curve of HD209458" (p. 5), against "HD 209458" in the abstract, Section 2 and elsewhere on p. 5.
- p. 2 Introduction, last paragraph
limb darkening of HD209458
- p. 5 Discussion and Conclusion
light curve of HD209458
- p. 2 Section 2
observe HD 209458
- p. 2 Section 1/2
limb darkening of HD209458, and
Judge's note: Both forms are visible on the page images of pages 1, 2 and 5 (page 5 has "HD 209458 system" and "HD209458 system" two paragraphs apart). Cosmetic inconsistency only.
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Typo Doubled full stop at the end of the sentence: "we determine the semimajor axis to be a = 0.0467 A.U.."
- p. 3 Section 3.1, second paragraph
we determine the semimajor axis to be a = 0.0467 A.U..
- p. 3 Section 3.1, first paragraph
P = 3.52447 ± 0.00029 d
- p. 3 Sect. 3.1, first paragraph, last line
a = 0.0467 A.U..
Judge's note: Two points were raised. (1) The doubled full stop is visible on the page 3 image and is confirmed. (2) The arithmetic point is not upheld as an error: Kepler's third law with exactly 1.1 solar masses and P = 3.52447 d gives a^3 = 1.0242e-4 AU^3, i.e. a = 0.04679 AU (0.0467^3 = 1.0185e-4, 0.0468^3 = 1.0250e-4), one unit in the last digit above the printed 0.0467. But the mass is printed to two significant figures ("Ms = 1.1") and is taken from M00, which is not among the files; an unrounded mass near 1.09 gives 0.0467, so the printed value is within the rounding of the stated input.
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Typo The photometric period is printed to four decimals with an uncertainty to three: "P = 3.5250 ± 0.003 d".
- p. 3 Section 3.1, second paragraph
P = 3.5250 ± 0.003 d
Judge's note: Read on the page 3 image. The value and its uncertainty have different numbers of decimal places; the meaning is not in doubt and either form (3.525 ± 0.003 or 3.5250 ± 0.0030) could be intended. Presentation point only.
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Typo The transit centre time is printed to four decimals with an uncertainty to three: "Tc = 2451430.8227 ± 0.003 HJD".
- p. 3 Section 3.1, third paragraph
Tc = 2451430.8227 ± 0.003
Judge's note: Read on the page 3 image. The precision of the value and of its uncertainty do not match; extra digits may have been kept on purpose for ephemeris use. Presentation point only.
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Typo The bin length is written "5 minute time bins" (p. 3) but abbreviated "5 m" elsewhere: "applied to the 5 m phase binned time series" (p. 4) and "binned into 5 m averages" (Fig. 2 caption), in a paper that also uses "m" for metres ("1.93-m", "2-m telescope").
- p. 4 Section 3.2, modelling paragraph
applied to the 5 m phase binned time series
- p. 9 Fig. 2 caption
binned into 5 m averages
- p. 3 Section 3.2, first paragraph
into 5 minute
- p. 4 Sect. 3.2
5 m phase binned time series
Judge's note: All three places read on the page images. "m" for minutes of time is a common astronomical abbreviation and the meaning is clear from context, so this is an inconsistency of style, not an error.
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Typo "time series" is written as one word once, in the Fig. 2 caption: "The increased scatter at the end of the timeseries"; the same caption and the body text use "time series".
- p. 9 Fig. 2 caption
end of the timeseries
- p. 3 Sec. 3.2
with an increase to larger scatter roughly 1 hour after the point of last contact
- p. 9 Fig. 2
The increased scatter at the end of the timeseries is due to increasing airmass
Judge's note: Read on the page 9 image; the same caption has "beginning of the time series" one sentence earlier. Only this spelling point is confirmed. The second point (scatter said to increase "roughly 1 hour after the point of last contact" against Fig. 2) is not upheld: in the figure last contact is near +0.06 d, 1 hour is 0.042 d, and the error bars become clearly larger from about +0.09 to +0.10 d, which agrees with "roughly 1 hour".
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Typo Subject-verb disagreement: "The uncertainty in the physical parameters of the star, namely Rs, Ms, and cR, cause uncertainties in Rp and in i" (should be "causes", or "The uncertainties ... cause").
- p. 4 Section 3.2, paragraph beginning 'Adopting'
uncertainty in the physical parameters of the star, namely Rs, Ms, and cR, cause uncertainties
Judge's note: Read on the page 4 image; the sentence begins "The uncertainty" (singular) and the verb is "cause".
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Typo Mis-punctuated abbreviation: "(eg., Borucki et al. 1997)" should read "(e.g., Borucki et al. 1997)".
- p. 5 Discussion, first paragraph
(eg., Borucki et al. 1997)
Judge's note: Read on the page 5 image; printed as "eg.,".
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Typo Author name misspelled in the reference list: "Fischer, D. A., Marcy, G. W., Bulter, R. P., Vogt, S. S., & Apps, K. 1999, PASP, 111, 50"; "Bulter" should be "Butler".
- p. 6 References, Fischer et al. 1999
Fischer, D. A., Marcy, G. W., Bulter, R. P., Vogt, S. S., & Apps, K. 1999, PASP, 111, 50
- p. 6 References, entries Butler et al. 1997 and 1998
Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Vogt, S. S., & Apps, K. 1998, PASP, 110, 1389
- p. 6 References, Fischer et al. 1999
Fischer, D. A., Marcy, G. W., Bulter, R. P., Vogt, S. S., & Apps, K. 1999
Judge's note: Read on the page 6 image. The same author is printed "Butler, R. P." in the two Butler et al. entries and in the Henry et al. entry on the same page, with the same initials and co-authors (Marcy, Vogt, Apps), so the misspelling is established from the paper itself.
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Typo Missing full stops after initials: "S. Udry, and S Zucker" in the acknowledgements and "Gilliland, R.L & Brown, T.M. 1992" in the reference list.
- p. 6 Acknowledgements
and S Zucker
- p. 6 References
Gilliland, R.L & Brown, T.M. 1992
Judge's note: Both read on the page 6 image. Every other initial in the acknowledgements and the reference list is followed by a full stop.
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Typo "occurred" misspelled twice in the Fig. 2 caption: "increasing airmass which occured at roughly the same time for both transits, since the two occured very nearly one week apart".
- p. 9 Fig. 2 caption
increasing airmass which occured at roughly the same time
- p. 9 Fig. 2 caption
since the two occured very nearly one week apart
- p. 9 Figure 2 caption
increasing airmass which occured at roughly the same time for both transits, since the two occured very nearly one week apart
- p. 9 Fig. 2 caption
which occured at roughly the same time for both transits,
Judge's note: Both instances read on the page 9 image.
Second check: none (judge only)