Evidence for Oscillation of Atmospheric Neutrinos
1998 · paper · Physics
Analyzes 535 days of atmospheric neutrino data from the Super-Kamiokande detector. It finds a zenith-angle-dependent deficit of muon neutrinos that known uncertainties cannot explain, consistent with muon-to-tau neutrino oscillations with a mass-squared difference of 5×10⁻⁴ to 6×10⁻³ eV².
Checked: PDF from arxiv.org, fetched 4 Oct 2026. Page numbers are those of that PDF.
1 finding
Reference or label Reference [2], second entry, gives the journal as "M. Honda et al., Phys. Lett. D52, 4985 (1995)."; the journal is presumably Phys. Rev. D52.
- p. 6 Reference list, entry [2]
M. Honda et al., Phys. Lett. D52, 4985 (1995).
- p. 6 Reference [2]
M. Honda et al., Phys. Lett. D52, 4985 (1995)
- p. 6 Reference [2]
M. Honda et al., Phys. Lett. B248, 193 (1990); M. Honda et al., Phys. Lett. D52, 4985 (1995).
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: that Physics Letters has no D series and that the Honda et al. 1995 paper is in Phys. Rev. D 52, 4985. The page 6 image and crop show "Phys. Lett. D52, 4985 (1995)" as printed. Internal evidence supports the finding: every other D-volume in the list ([1], [5], [13], [14], [18], [19], [20]) is given as Phys. Rev., and the preceding entry in [2] is "Phys. Lett. B248", which suggests the journal name was carried over.
Second check: another model agreed
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4 minor (typos and the like; most checked by the judge only)
Typo Affiliation u reads "Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute for Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan"; the institution's name is presumably "Tokyo Institute of Technology".
- p. 1 Affiliation list, entry u
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute for Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: that the institution's official English name is "Tokyo Institute of Technology". The page 1 image and crop show "Tokyo Institute for Technology" as printed, so this is not an extraction artefact. Nothing in the files gives the correct name, so the fix is for the authors to confirm.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo The author list omits the separating comma after three footnote-marked names: "J.W.Flanagan^{h,†} A.Kibayashi^h", "T.J.Haines^{k,d} E.Blaufuss^l" and "Z.Conner^{m,‡} J.A.Goodman^m".
- p. 1 Author list, line beginning R.W.Ellsworth
J.W.Flanaganh,† A.Kibayashih
- p. 1 Author list, line beginning A.Sakai
T.J.Hainesk,d E.Blaufussl
- p. 1 Author list, line beginning B.K.Kim
Z.Connerm,‡ J.A.Goodmanm
Judge's note: Checked on the page 1 image and crops: no comma is printed after Flanagan, Haines or Conner. Every other author is followed by a comma, including other footnote-marked names ("P.G.Halverson^{d,*}, J.Hsu", "Y.Hayato^{u,§}, Y.Kanaya", "L.L.Wai^{w,**}, R.J.Wilkes"). Cosmetic punctuation slip.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo References are cited out of numerical order: "following Ref. [20,21]" (page 4) appears before the first citation of [19], "on the minimum inside the physical region [19]" (page 5).
- p. 4 Right column, paragraph after Eq. (4)
propagation through the Earth were included following Ref. [20,21]
- p. 5 Left column, first paragraph
on the minimum inside the physical region [19]
Judge's note: Checked in the text layer only (extract/main.txt); I did not open the page 4 or 5 images. Citations run [15], [16], [17], [18], then [20,21] at line 417, then [19] at line 446; a search found no earlier citation of [19]. The reference list on the page 6 image has [19] as the confidence-interval note and [20], [21] as Wolfenstein and Mikheyev-Smirnov, so each pointer reaches appropriate content. This is purely a numbering-order point with no effect on the reader.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo Reference [10] prints "W.W.M. Allison et. al., Phys. Lett. B391, 491" with a spurious period after "et".
- p. 6 Reference list, entry [10]
W.W.M. Allison et. al., Phys. Lett. B391, 491
Judge's note: The page 6 image and crop show "et. al." in reference [10]. All other entries in the list print "et al.". Cosmetic.
Second check: none (judge only)