The Human Brain is Intrinsically Organized into Dynamic, Anticorrelated Functional Networks
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2005 · paper · Biomedicine
Examines spontaneous fluctuations in resting-state fMRI signals and identifies two opposed, widely distributed brain networks, internally correlated and anticorrelated with each other. One matches regions activated by tasks, the other regions deactivated by tasks.
Checked: PDF from europepmc.org, fetched 4 Oct 2026. Page numbers are those of that PDF.
3 findings
Substance IPS seed coordinate is printed as "(IPS; −25, −57, −46)"; the z value should be +46, since the intraparietal sulcus is dorsal and Table 1 gives the IPS peaks as "(−23, −66, 46) (25, −58, 52)".
- p. 2 Methods, Correlation Techniques
(IPS; −25, −57, −46)
- p. 4 Table 1, IPS row
(−23, −66, 46)
- p. 3 Results, para on automated peak search
Fifteen foci were identified as part of the task-positive network
- p. 4 Table 1, task-positive network rows
(−23, −66, 46) (25, −58, 52)
Judge's note: Page 2 image shows a minus sign before 46 (the text layer drops all minus signs, so the image is the evidence). The other dorsal seeds have positive z (FEF 50, PCC 40, LP 36), Table 1 puts the IPS peaks at z = 46 and 52, and Fig. 2 draws the IPS seed circle in dorsal parietal cortex. A z of −46 is at cerebellar level, like the cerebellar tonsil focus (7, −52, −44). No other coordinate convention is stated. This cluster also carries a reviewer note on the 15-versus-16 foci count; that is a separate defect and is judged under C009.
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Substance "Fifteen foci were identified as part of the task-positive network and 15 as part of the task-negative network", but Table 1 lists 16 task-positive and 13 task-negative coordinate triplets (29 in total, not 30).
- p. 3 Results, last paragraph
Fifteen foci were identified as part of the task-positive network and 15 as part of the task-negative network.
- p. 4 Table 1, Talairach coordinates column
Peak foci for intrinsically defined anticorrelated networks
- p. 4 Table 1
Insula/frontal operculum
- p. 3 Results, last paragraph
Fifteen foci were identified as part of the task-positive network
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Counted on the page 4 image. Task-positive: IPS 2, inferior parietal lobule 2, orbital gyrus (vIPS) 2, FEF 2, inferior precentral sulcus 1, SMA/pre-SMA 1, DLPFC 2, MT+ 2, insula/frontal operculum 2 = 16. Task-negative: PCC 1, retro-splenial 1, LP 2, MPF 2, superior frontal 2, inferior temporal 2, parahippocampal gyrus 2, cerebellar tonsils 1 = 13. I looked for an explanation: the Methods rule that same-sign peaks closer than 25 mm were averaged would only reduce counts and cannot give 15 and 15; counting rows gives 9 and 8; the table has no footnote about omitted or merged foci. Whether the text or the table is wrong is for the authors.
Second check: another model agreed
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Reference or label Table 1 labels the Brodmann area 19 focus at "(−26, −80, 26) (35, −81, 29)" as "Orbital gyrus (vIPS)"; the location is occipital, so the label should presumably read "Occipital gyrus (vIPS)".
- p. 4 Table 1, task-positive network, third row
Orbital gyrus (vIPS)
Judge's note: Page 4 image: the row reads BA 19, "Orbital gyrus (vIPS)", coordinates with y = −80 and −81. BA 19, the vIPS gloss (defined in the footnote as ventral intraparietal sulcus) and the far-posterior coordinates all place the focus in occipital cortex. That contradicts "orbital", which is a ventral frontal label. The row is internally inconsistent and "Occipital" is the evident fix.
Second check: another model agreed
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10 minor (typos and the like; most checked by the judge only)
Wording The FEF seed is given as "precentral sulcus (25, −13, 50)", a right-hemisphere coordinate, yet Fig. 2 shows "six seed regions (small circles)" on maps "displayed on the flattened left hemisphere in Fig. 2 Upper", including a circle on the FEF panel.
- p. 2 Methods, Correlation Techniques
precentral sulcus (25, −13, 50)
- p. 3 Fig. 2 legend
six seed regions (small circles)
- p. 3 Results, second paragraph
on the flattened left hemisphere in Fig. 2 Upper
- p. 3 Results, paragraph 3
displayed on the flattened left hemisphere in Fig. 2 Upper
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Page 2 image: the FEF x value is +25 with no minus sign, while the other five seeds have negative x. Page 3 image: the FEF panel of Fig. 2 has a seed circle on the left-hemisphere flat map, and the text says the maps are on the flattened left hemisphere. The paper does not say whether the seed was right-sided with the circle drawn at a mirrored position, or whether the x sign is wrong. Table 1 has FEF peaks on both sides, (−24, −12, 61) and (28, −7, 54), so neither reading can be ruled out. Only the authors, or reference 9, can settle it.
Second check: another model agreed
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Typo Methods, Data Acquisition: "3T Siemens Allegra system (Erlagen, Germany)". The city is Erlangen.
- p. 1 Methods, Data Acquisition
3T Siemens Allegra system (Erlagen, Germany)
- p. 1
Siemens Allegra system (Erlagen, Germany).
- p. 1 Methods, Data Acquisition
(Erlagen, Germany)
- p. 1 Methods, Data Acquisition
Erlagen, Germany
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: Siemens' MR site is in Erlangen, Germany. The page 1 image shows 'Erlagen' as printed. There is no erratum among the files.
Second check: another model agreed
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Typo Mismatched brackets: the parameter list opens "[echo time (TE) = 25 ms, flip angle = 90°, ..." and closes "time (TR) = 3.013 s)." with a round parenthesis instead of "]".
- p. 1 Methods, Data Acquisition
time (TR) = 3.013 s)
- p. 1 Methods, Data Acquisition
[echo time (TE) = 25 ms
- p. 1 Methods, Data Acquisition
time (TR) = 3.013 s).
Judge's note: Page 1 image, Data Acquisition: the list opens with a square bracket before "echo time" and ends with ")" after "3.013 s". No closing square bracket follows. The quotes were not found in the text layer only because it drops the "=" signs.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo Methods, Correlation Statistics: "converted to a normal distribution by Fischer's z transform (25)". This should read "Fisher's z transform".
- p. 2 Methods, Correlation Statistics
Fischer’s z transform (25)
- p. 2
converted to a normal distribution by Fischer’s z transform (25).
- p. 2 Methods, Correlation Statistics
Fischer’s z transform
- p. 2
converted to a normal distribution by Fischer’s z transform (25)
Judge's note: The page 2 image shows 'Fischer’s z transform'. The r-to-z transform is Fisher's, a standard eponym, so this is a misspelling of the name.
Second check: another model agreed
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Typo Table 1: the body uses "FEF (SPrCeS)", but the footnote defines "SPreCes, superior precentral sulcus". The abbreviation is spelled two ways.
- p. 4 Table 1, FEF row
FEF (SPrCeS)
- p. 4 Table 1 footnote
SPreCes, superior precentral sulcus
- p. 4
SPreCes, superior precentral sulcus; DLPFC, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex.
- p. 4
superior precentral sulcus; DLPFC
Judge's note: Both spellings can be seen on the page 4 image: the table row reads 'SPrCeS' and the footnote reads 'SPreCes'. This is a cosmetic inconsistency.
Second check: another model agreed
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Typo Discussion: "are anticorrelations, like correlations, an organizational principal across various spatial and temporal scales?". "principal" should be "principle".
- p. 5 Discussion, penultimate paragraph
organizational principal across various spatial and temporal scales
- p. 5
an organizational principal across various spatial and temporal scales?
- p. 5 Discussion
an organizational principal across various spatial
- p. 5 Discussion
organizational principal across
Judge's note: The page 5 image, right column, shows 'organizational principal'. The noun meant here is 'principle', so this is the wrong homophone.
Second check: another model agreed
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Typo "There is reason to believe there is a relationship between such behavioral phenomenon and our current results": singular "phenomenon" without an article; should be "such behavioral phenomena" or "such a behavioral phenomenon".
- p. 5 Discussion, right column, first full paragraph
behavioral phenomenon and our current results
- p. 5 Discussion, right column, paragraph 2
such behavioral phenomenon and our current results
Judge's note: Page 5 image, right column, first full paragraph: printed as quoted. It is ungrammatical either way. The same page later uses "this behavioral phenomenon" and "behavioral phenomena" correctly.
Second check: none (judge only)
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Typo Reference 9 prints "Corbetta, M., Kincade, J. M. & Shulman, G. I. (2002)"; the same co-author is "Shulman, G. L." in references 2, 5, 11 and 28.
- p. 5 Reference 9
Corbetta, M., Kincade, J. M. & Shulman, G. I. (2002)
- p. 5 Reference 2
Corbetta, M. & Shulman, G. L. (2002)
- p. 5 Reference 9
Shulman, G. I. (2002)
- p. 5 Reference 2
Shulman, G. L. (2002)
Judge's note: Page 5 image: reference 9 reads "Shulman, G. I.", while references 2, 5 and 11 read "G. L."; page 6, reference 28 also reads "Shulman, G. L.". The text layer agrees with the image. The reference list itself is inconsistent, so no outside knowledge is needed.
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Typo Reference 36: "Varella, F., Lachaux, J.-P., Rodriguez, E. & Martinerie, J. (2001) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2, 229–239". The first author's surname is Varela.
- p. 6 Reference 36
Varella, F., Lachaux, J.-P., Rodriguez, E. & Martinerie, J. (2001)
- p. 6 Reference 36
Varella, F., Lachaux, J.-P.
- p. 6 Reference 36
Varella, F., Lachaux
- p. 6
Varella, F., Lachaux, J.-P., Rodriguez, E. & Martinerie, J.
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: the first author of the 2001 Nat. Rev. Neurosci. paper is F. Varela. The page 6 image shows 'Varella' as printed.
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Typo Reference 48: "Arieli, A., Sterkin, A., Grinvald, A. & Aertsent, A. (1996) Science 273, 1868–1871". The last author's surname is Aertsen.
- p. 6 Reference 48
Arieli, A., Sterkin, A., Grinvald, A. & Aertsent, A. (1996)
- p. 6 Reference 48
Aertsent, A. (1996)
- p. 6 Ref. 48
Aertsent, A.
Only the authors can say what is right here.
Judge's note: Rests on outside knowledge: the last author of Arieli et al. 1996, Science, is A. Aertsen. The page 6 image shows 'Aertsent' as printed.
Second check: none (judge only)